Simple English explanation with example
- Changes how the brain sends and receives signals
- Alters mood, thinking, or perception
- Can stimulate or slow down the body
- May create feelings of pleasure or relaxation
- Example: affects mood or awareness after use
Scientific explanation
- Acts on neurotransmitter systems in the brain
- Modulates dopamine, serotonin, or GABA pathways
- Alters synaptic transmission and receptor activity
- Changes central nervous system signalling
- Produces psychoactive or physiological effects