Cannabis

What Is Cannabis?

• Cannabis is a plant used for medicinal, recreational, and industrial purposes.
• Contains active compounds called cannabinoids, including:
  • THC (Tetrahydrocannabinol): Responsible for psychoactive effects (the “high”).
  • CBD (Cannabidiol): Non-psychoactive, known for therapeutic benefits.

How Does Cannabis Work?

• Cannabinoids interact with the endocannabinoid system (ECS) in the body.
• ECS helps regulate functions like mood, pain, appetite, and sleep.
• THC and CBD bind to receptors (CB1 and CB2) to produce various effects.

Uses of Cannabis

Medicinal Uses

• Chronic Pain: Reduces pain in conditions like arthritis and neuropathy.
• Anxiety and Depression: Helps manage symptoms, though high doses of THC may worsen anxiety.
• Epilepsy: CBD-based medications (e.g., Epidiolex) reduce seizures in severe epilepsy.
• Cancer: Alleviates nausea and vomiting from chemotherapy and stimulates appetite.
• Multiple Sclerosis (MS): Reduces muscle spasticity.
• Glaucoma: Lowers intraocular pressure, though its effects are short-lived.

Recreational Uses

• Used for relaxation, euphoria, and sensory enhancement.
• Legal for recreational use in some regions, subject to local laws.

Forms of Cannabis

• Dried Flower: Smoked or vaporized.
• Oils and Tinctures: Consumed sublingually (under the tongue).
• Edibles: Infused foods and beverages with delayed effects.
• Topicals: Creams and balms for localized pain relief.
• Capsules/Tablets: Controlled dosages for medicinal use.

Dosage and Administration

• Start with a low dose and increase gradually (especially for THC).
• Effects vary based on:
  • Form of cannabis.
  • Route of administration (inhalation vs. ingestion).
  • Individual factors like weight and tolerance.
• Typical onset and duration:
  • Inhalation: Effects within minutes, lasting 2-4 hours.
  • Edibles: Effects within 30-90 minutes, lasting 6-8 hours.

Potential Benefits of Cannabis

• Pain relief without the risks of opioid addiction.
• Improved sleep for insomnia patients.
• Anti-inflammatory properties for chronic conditions.
• Reduced seizure frequency in epilepsy patients.

Precautions Before Using Cannabis

• Medical History: Inform your doctor if you have:
  • Heart disease (THC can increase heart rate).
  • A history of mental health conditions like psychosis.
  • Liver or kidney disease.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Avoid cannabis due to potential risks to the baby.
• Drug Interactions:
  • May interact with blood thinners like warfarin.
  • Use caution with sedatives, as cannabis can enhance their effects.

Possible Side Effects

Short-Term Side Effects

• Dry mouth and red eyes.
• Increased heart rate.
• Drowsiness or dizziness.
• Impaired memory and coordination.
• Anxiety or paranoia (at high doses of THC).

Long-Term Side Effects

• Dependence or addiction in some users.
• Respiratory issues from smoking.
• Cognitive impairment with prolonged heavy use, especially in adolescents.

Serious Risks

• Psychosis or schizophrenia in predisposed individuals.
• Cannabinoid Hyperemesis Syndrome (CHS): Cyclic vomiting from chronic use.

Legal Status of Cannabis

• Laws vary globally.
• In many countries, cannabis is legalized or decriminalized for:
  • Medicinal Use: Requires a doctor’s prescription.
  • Recreational Use: Subject to age and purchase limits.
• Always check local regulations before use.

FAQs About Cannabis

Q1: Is cannabis addictive?

• Cannabis has a low risk of addiction, but frequent use can lead to dependence in some individuals.

Q2: Can cannabis cure diseases?

• Cannabis does not cure diseases but can help manage symptoms like pain, nausea, and seizures.

Q3: How long does cannabis stay in your system?

• THC can be detected in urine for days to weeks, depending on usage frequency.

Q4: Is CBD legal everywhere?

• CBD derived from hemp with less than 0.3% THC is legal in many countries but may still be restricted in some regions.

Q5: Can I drive after using cannabis?

• No. Cannabis impairs reaction time and judgment, increasing the risk of accidents.

Q6: What is the difference between THC and CBD?

• THC is psychoactive and causes a “high,” while CBD is non-psychoactive and focuses on therapeutic effects.

Q7: Can cannabis cause withdrawal symptoms?

• Yes, symptoms like irritability, insomnia, and reduced appetite may occur after stopping heavy use.

Storage

• Store in a cool, dark place away from heat and moisture.
• Keep out of reach of children and pets.
• Ensure proper labeling to avoid accidental use.